The Logical Problem Of Evil Essay - 1225 Words

In this paper I will discuss the logical problem of evil and how it seems to reject the existence of God as an omni-3 being. I will first layout the logical problem of evil, and then I will explain why it succeeds in disproving the existence of God. I do this through pointing out the contradictions between the definition of God as an omni-3 being and the problem of redeemed and unredeemed evil. As well as by proving that admittance of evil in any way when in reference to the choices of God invalidates the omni-3 definition of God. I will address claims from those who believe in God about justification of evil as well as the concept and depth of human understanding. The logical problem of evil is almost as old as the concept of an omni-3 being as the one true God. God in this context being a mix of the Judeo-Christian belief that God is the Greatest Conceivable Being (GCB). Being the GCB implies 3 things: God is all good (Omnibenevolent), all knowing (Omniscient), and all powerful (Omnipotent), this is commonly referred to as omni-3. This argument boils down to a simple three part argument structure: 1. If God, as an omni-3 being, exists then evil can not exist at all. 2. Evil clearly exists. 3. As a result, God as omni-3 can not exist. This is a very simple argument; premise, interference, implied contradiction, and a conclusion. It is simply through an application of modus ponens that, some believe, we are able to disprove the existence of God as an Omni-3 being.Show MoreRelatedThe Logical Problem Of Evil1535 Words   |  7 PagesThe logical problem of evil is often referred to as the inconsistent triad, this being that the following propositions; God is omnipotent, omnibenevolent and evil exists, are inconsistent. Also known as a reduction ad absurdum argument, whereby all three propositions cannot be true together. Theists, like Swinburne, come to the conclusion that the three propositions are compatible with one another, whereas atheists, like Mackie, believe that they are incompatible and therefore God does not existRead MoreThe Argument Of The Logical Problem Of Evil2367 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction In this paper, I will break apart J. L. Mackie’s stern defense of the logical problem of evil, which he uses to suggest the God does not exist. I will attempt to defend the notion that both God and evil, in the form of human creation, can exist in the world by way of suggesting that freewill is the answer. Furthermore, I will strengthen the argument for freewill against Mackie’s defense, which suggests that the argument of freewill also compromises the Omni-three nature of God. In partRead More`` Logical Problem Of Evil `` By Lee Strobel1377 Words   |  6 Pagesworld? The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy defines theodicy as â€Å"a defense of the justice or goodness of God in the face of doubts or objections arising from the phenomena of evil in the world.† How could evil exists in a world made by God, the Omnipotent? In an article by Lee Strobel titled, Logical Problem of Evil, he contracted George Barna to conducted a poll to see what was the one question most people would ask God if given the chance. The most common response at 17% was â€Å"Why is thereRead MoreEssay on The Problem with Evil in Religion1259 Words   |  6 PagesThe problem of evil is widely considered as the most detrimental problem to the monotheist. It is also the primary objection to the overall existence of God. The problem is very easy to comprehend: If God is an all-perfect, all-knowing, all-powerful deity then why do we live in a world with any imperfection or negativity at all? Why do bad things happen at all? Especially to the good people in the world an d the millions of innocent people who suffer on a daily basis. Gottfreid Leibniz was a philosopherRead MoreMr. L. Mackie s Evil And Omnipotence1718 Words   |  7 PagesJ. L. Mackie’s â€Å"Evil and Omnipotence† criticizes the argument that God exists by showing that religious beliefs are positively irrational and that parts of the essential theological doctrine are inconsistent with one another. The problem of evil is one of the oldest problems in philosophy. The problem of evil is a logical problem for only the people who believe that there is a God who is both (1) omnipotent and (2) wholly good; yet (3) evil exists in the world. If God is wholly good and omnipotentRead MoreWho Is Rowe s Problem Of Evil?1311 Words   |  6 PagesIn this paper, I will argue against the problem of evil, and I will give an adequate amount of information to prove why I believe Rowe’s Problem of Evil argument is not cogent, because although it is strong, all the premises are not true. This paper will also include me explaining, discussing, and evaluating Rowe’s Problem of Evil argument. In the argument, he discusses logical reasonings about why there is a strong argument for why atheism is true. There is a tv show called South Park, which isRead MoreEvil : The Problem Of Evil720 Words   |  3 Pagesin a world where evil exists, it is logically impossible and that is what created the problem of evil. Problem of Evil: There are two sides of the problem of evil which are the logical and evidential arguments. The logical side states that as long as evil and suffering exists in this world there is no God. That does not only contradict with the idea of God being â€Å"all-good†, but also him being â€Å"all-knowing† and â€Å"all-powerful† as well. Because, if God only desires good, then how evil was formed unlessRead MoreEssay on The Problem of Evil1269 Words   |  6 PagesPhil 300 The Problem of Evil One of the most interesting questions in the world is, â€Å"If a God exists, why is there evil in the world?† Most people respond with, â€Å"If God created the universe and us, then there should not be evil in the world,† when asked about God or any other powerful being. The problem of evil is also believed to be the cause of Atheism, and I do believe that there is a solution for this. The problem of evil is not a correct argument. The arguments from evil state that ifRead More J.L. Mackies Evil and Omnipotence Essay1652 Words   |  7 PagesJ.L. Mackies Evil and Omnipotence The philosopher J.L. Mackie wrote a very convincing piece on the problem of evil called â€Å"Evil and Omnipotence,† in which he attempts to show that one of the following premises must be false in order for them to be consistent with each other. #1. God is omnipotent. #2. God is morally perfect. #3. Evil exists. The problem of evil is a deductive a priori argument who’s goal is to prove the non-existence of God. In addition to Mackie’s three main premisesRead MoreEvil And The Existence Of Evil Essay1478 Words   |  6 PagesEvil and miracles, can they both exist in our modern everyday life? Evil s existence has no doubt to be present due to all the horrors we have heard about or witnessed. While as for miracles, the existence is constantly questioned if they exist and what classifies as a true miracle. These concepts battle with theism and cause a great uproar to the existence of a powerful, omnipotent, and omniscient being. The definition of evil is the absence of good while the definition of a miracle is an unexpected

Civil Rights and Civil Liberties - 1356 Words

The Thirteenth Amendment ended slavery and African American slaves gained their freedom during the Civil War; however, this did not mean they were fully integrated into American society. After the war, Southern Whites faced a crisis. The emancipation of slaves and the Fourteenth Amendment’s guarantee of citizenship undermined their assertion that citizenship was for Whites only. The clear line between Whites who ruled and Blacks who were ruled became vulnerable. Since Whites slave owners could no longer treat the former slaves as non-citizens, they sought to strengthen this distinction by restoring slavery as best they could. Imposing disabilities on Black civil rights that limited their access to full citizenship was a goal to reach.†¦show more content†¦Most Southern White schools had the best facilities, resources, books and teachers while Black schools received little funding and support. Vocational training was also limited to Blacks although the populations of W hite and Black children were nearly identical. Asian Americans also suffered from racial segregation and expulsion during the early twentieth century. In West Coast, the earliest Asian immigrants were Chinese, who were subject to extreme inequality of opportunity (Uyematsu, 1969, p.173). In 1882, to prevent the influx of Chinese immigrants into California, the federal government passed the Chinese Exclusion Act to prohibit Chinese laborers from entry into the U.S. for ten years. Another example of expulsion against Asian Americans, which is the most severe, occurred in 1942, after the Japanese bombing Pearl Harbor and the American entry into World War II. On the promulgation of Executive Order 9066, more than 110,000 Japanese, two-third of whom were American born, were forced to leave their homes and were transported to detention camps. Even though two years later the U.S. Supreme Court released Japanese, many could not return to their homes as they lost their properties by then (Ex parte Mitsuye Endo, 1944). Alongside ethnic groups, women have had a long struggle to attain equal rights. Since the earliest days of the country’s history, women, regardless of marital statusShow MoreRelatedCivil Liberties And Civil Rights1081 Words   |  5 Pages1 McGahey 3 Megan McGahey Sherry Sharifian GOVT 2305 71430 20 September 2017 Civil Liberties vs. Civil Rights In the U.S. most use the terms Civil Liberties and Civil Rights interchangeably; although they both protect the freedom of citizens they do this in different ways. 2 Civil Liberties are limitations placed on the government. These are things the government is restricted to do, by the constitution. Things that could interfere with personal freedom. 3 For example, the 1st amendment says thatRead MoreCivil Liberties And Civil Rights1083 Words   |  5 Pages2017 1 Civil Liberties vs. Civil Rights 2 Civil Liberties are basic rights and freedoms that we are guaranteed by the government. You can find them in the Bill of Rights and in the Constitution. Civil liberties are liberties that we as Americans feel safe to interpret on the daily basis. 3 Some civil liberties include, the right 4 for free speech, the right to privacy, the right to remain silent in a police interrogation, the right to be free from unreasonable searches of your home, the right to aRead MoreCivil Rights And Civil Liberties1025 Words   |  5 PagesProfessor Sharifian Government 2305 September 28th, 2017. 1 Civil rights vs Civil liberties 1. 2 Define Civil Liberties; then define Civil Rights. How are they similar? How do they differ? Which civil sequence has more influence on your life as you know it to be now? Why do you believe this to be so? Civil rights and civil of liberties have regularly been the discussion of different locales throughout the years. In the achievement of social liberties and freedoms, laws and statutory arrangements have mustRead MoreCivil Liberties Vs Civil Rights1134 Words   |  5 Pages2017 SLO 1 Civil Liberties vs Civil Rights Democracy in simple sense is understood as rule of people. As said by Abraham Lincoln,† democracy is government of the people, by the people, for the people†. In democracy all the power is seized by the people but, still we find many cases in different parts of the world that the political leaders and government officials and their families having more rights and power as compared to regular people. The violation of civil liberty and civil rights by the governmentRead MoreCivil Liberties And Civil Rights1149 Words   |  5 PagesWhat Role Does Our Civil Liberty and Rights Play In Our Government System? Have you ever put some thought into how our Civil Liberties and Civil Rights work in our system or even attempt to figure out what they are? Our government system comprises Civil Liberties and Rights that are similar in ways and different in others, but one of them can have the most influence on your life. 1 Civil Liberties and Civil Rights are rights that we have as Americans. Civil Liberties are basic rights and freedoms thatRead MoreCivil Rights And Civil Liberties1157 Words   |  5 PagesSharifian 01 Oct. 2017 Civil rights and civil liberties Every citizen of the country is bounded and benefited with the freedom of Civil rights and Civil liberty. Civil right is the right of the citizen to be equally and fairly treated by the government, written in the 14th Amendment. Civil right moment was mainly focused only on the slaved, African American people. Then civil liberties firstly, not only protected the rights of African American people, it also included the right of gay, lesbian and femaleRead MoreCivil Liberties And Civil Rights1500 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment One: Civil Liberties v. Civil Rights Linsey (Lins) Morgan - Student ID: 3104067 GOVT - 2305 - 71063 Northlake College Had I been born a mere 60 years earlier, I would likely be in jail. Before discussing the U.S. Supreme Court decision which has preserved my freedom, I would like to examine the nature of civil rights and civil liberties. Next, we will look at some of the historical context which would have found me jailed. Lastly, we will conclude by looking at the impact of the U.S. SupremeRead MoreCivil Liberties And Civil Rights960 Words   |  4 Pagesvoting are very important aspects of shaping the government. Without certain civil rights being granted by the government, these important rights of expression and suffrage would not exist. There is a difference between civil liberties and civil rights in relation to the government. Civil liberties refer to an individual’s unalienable freedoms that cannot be taken away by political intervention. On the other hand, civil rights are provided by the government in order to promote equality. This ideologyRead MoreCivil Liberties And Civil Rights1318 Words   |  6 Pageschanges in order to protect the rights of U.S. citizens. Moreover, these changes have occurred by much insistence and court cases from the people. Out of these changes, civil rights and civil liberties have erupted in order to protect the lives of citizens even more. Who we are as citizens of the United States can be characterized by the concept of civil rights and civil liberties, the idea that the constitution protects the major rights enumerated in the Bill of Rights, marginalized groups, the secondRead MoreCivil Liberties And The Civil Rights902 Words   |  4 Pagescountry. This is where our ci vil sequences: Liberties and Rights, keep our country intact. 1 Both Civil Liberties and Rights are granted and defined in the Constitution. We must continue enforcing our civil sequences to maintain order for ourselves, our states, our government, and our nation. Civil Liberties focus on our basic freedoms as Americans and Civil Rights are concerned with rights regarding the treatment of an individual. 2 Definitely a Civil Liberty is ‘the basic right to be free from unequal

The Extinction of Penguins Free Essays

Emperor Penguins have been around for millions of years. Although they are a type of bird they can not fly. They walk, slide on their stomachs, or swim. We will write a custom essay sample on The Extinction of Penguins or any similar topic only for you Order Now They can swim up to nine kilometers an hour. That is faster than an average person can run. Emperor Penguins can hold their breath over twenty minutes and dive over eighteen hundred feet. Another interesting fact about them is that they show no aggression towards humans. The real question is though whether or not Emperor Penguins are on their way to extinction? Some of the reasons why we may think this would be climate change, depletion in food supply, pollution, tagging, and their predators. Climate change is the reason for the Emperor Penguin population to decline by fifty percent over the past fifty years. Penguins use the ice to escape from predators, and to raise their chicks. A temperature increase of 2. 1 degrees Celsius will jeopardize forty percent of the world’s Emperor Penguins. When the ice melts before the chicks have matured and grown their waterproof feathers, chicks that are swept into the ocean are likely to die. If the ice isn’t sturdy enough to last until when the chicks are ready to head out to sea, they aren’t going to be able to raise them. The loss of sea ice for adult penguins can lead to lower food availability, which can result in increased mortality. In Antarctica an Emperor colony has declined from 250 pairs to 10 pairs since 1960, due to rapid loss of the sea ice. Since global climate change has been causing the rapid melting of sea ice, the amount of krill in the southern oceans has decreased in recent years. Krill in which many penguins feed upon, survive by feeding off the algae which forms on the underside of the sea ice. So the reduction in sea-ice which has resulted from climate change has meant there has been much less food for penguins to eat. If this continues to happen the Emperor Penguin population is going to keep on declining. Over fishing of krill, and fish is another factor in helping penguins become extinct. It is putting pressure on food chains and food availability for penguins. Industrial fisheries deplete the penguins’ food supply and entangle and drown the penguins in longlines and other destructive fishing gear. The more fish and krill being caught by humans the less food there is for penguins to be able to eat. Ocean acidification which is caused by the absorption of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide into the oceans is also harming penguins. Plankton is a major part of the food chain for many fish on which penguins feed. As gases are absorbed into the oceans, they become less hospitable places for plankton and other organisms to live which is less food penguins have to eat. Oil pollution kills tens of thousands of penguins annually. The oil destroys the natural water repellent on their feathers, causing the birds to become vulnerable to hypothermia. Penguins also consume the oil while trying to groom, poisoning them and causing internal organ damage. The oil also kills the penguins’ food and poisons the penguins when trying to eat contaminated fish. The banding of penguins is another issue contributing to the declining population of penguins. The first evidence that flipper bands might be causing damage to penguins came in the 1970s. Zoos reported that the bands would wound penguins’ flippers, especially during the yearly molt, when flippers enlarge. Over a ten year period, banded penguins produced thirty-nine percent fewer chicks and had a sixteen percent lower survival rate than unbanded birds. Banded penguins also had less time and energy to reproduce and care for their young because they spent more time searching for food and provisions and arrived more than two weeks late to breeding areas. The penguins wearing bands expend twenty-four percent more energy while swimming and attract the attention of predators. Rory Wilson, an ecologist at Swansea University said the extra baggage likely increased the drag penguins experienced and impaired their athletic ability. How to cite The Extinction of Penguins, Essay examples

Emerging Issues in Hospitality-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Identify and analyse current issues affecting the Hospitality and Tourism Industries. Answer: Introduction The proposal focuses on emerging issues in Hospitality and tourism. As the industry is getting older, many new issues are coming into light. Hospitality and tourism existed from the very beginning way before it was seen as an industry. The sole purpose of this industry is to serve the people and fulfill their needs when they are away from home by providing them home like experience. Lately, many issues have emerged in the industry that has been creating serious concerns. These issues are not just affecting the industry but also the community that contribute a lot towards this industry. Some of the issues are environmental issues, changing trends that are affecting the employment. The issues have negative impact on the industry but the issues also provide scope for growth and development. The following proposal would discuss on one such issue that that affects the industry and the community at large. (Kandampully, Zhang and Bilgihan 2015). Discussion of the issue The issue selected for this proposal is the alarming environmental issues in eco-tourism. According to Kandampully, Zhang and Bilgihan (2015) Eco-tourism poses a big threat to the natural diversity of a destination. Tourists flow in sensitive areas affects the natural habitat of that place. Similarly, wastes and litters pollute water. Not all tourists are same even after repetitive awareness about responsible tourism practices tourists throw garbage and litter anywhere. Negative Impact The litters when thrown near the water bodies like rivers, lakes and ponds cause serious issues of water pollution. If the tourists lack the knowledge about the culture of the local residents chances are there that, they might hurt the sentiments of the people. Some people specially the tribal have are emotionally attached to nature but often tourists are not sensitive towards the environment (Hall and Page 2014). This often ends up changing the attitude of the local people towards the tourists. Issues like littering makes the place dirty and plastics if they are thrown near water bodies or on the places where the animals live then chances are that animals like cows, dogs and goats might consume the plastic. Moreover, water bodies are polluted by these kind of activities and when the the animals drink the polluted water they are bound to get water borne diseases. The impact on animals is not limited to this; often-small animals and reptiles come under the vehicles like cars, buses or trucks and die. Increasing Human movement in the core areas is disturbing the lives of animals and they get agitated. This is the reason behind the animal attacks on human because they enter into the core zone of the wild forests. Lack of monitoring and evaluation in this type of tourism has led to severe issues. In countries like USA the attacks of Grizzly bears have increase than before (Fennell 2014). They attack the camps of visitors in search of food. It can be said that the human activities have been making the animals violent. There are some natural assets that are deteriorating like the coral reefs of the great barrier reef. Pollution and too much tourist movements can be held responsible for this. It would encourage social interaction that would lead to It can be said that the involvement of the local people are encouraged by the tourist activities. These negative impacts would create a need for development and automatically development. Positive Impact Positive impact is that people gets to interact with the natural environment and take initiatives towards resolving issues related to environment like pollution. These issues provide scope for development as it draws the attention of the concerning bodies. Consequently certain steps are taken that lead to growth and development of the destination. It also encourages community participation and hence provides scope for community capability building. Recommendations Conservation For sustainability natural habitat, resources and culture of any place needs to be conserved. The natural resources like rivers, lakes, forests, flora and fauna should be conserved. This issue can be resolved if the government take an active role in conservation of the resources, like rivers, lakes, forests, flora and fauna. The initiative have been taken already but the implementation of these initiatives towards conservation are not effective enough. Pollution control and waste management are two areas where the Government Local authorities should take advantage of this fact and take extra care towards pollution related issue. The resolution of the problem needs to be effective so that can in future such issues do not persist. Cleanliness needs to maintained near the water bodies. Community Involvement The involvement of local people should be encouraged so that they fulfill the basic requirement of the tourists like food and shelter, this will provide authentic experience to the tourists (Pantano and Di Pietro 2013). Commercialization in this particular segment might lead unauthentic experience to the tourists. Government, local bodies and local people should create awareness amongst the tourists regarding cleanliness. They should take up the roles of volunteers preventing tourists from activities like littering. Local people should take initiatives to keep the water bodies clean so that waterborne diseases can be prevented (Edgell 2016). Government should increase the number of public transport so that too many private vehicles do not contribute to the problem of air pollution. Tourists are required to have the full knowledge of the concept of eco-tourism. Once they understand the concept of eco-tourism, they will be responsible towards the environment and the bio-diversity. NGOs are required to take the role of volunteers and work for creating awareness about the negative impacts and ways sustainability could be achieved (Napoli et al. 2014). The interaction of the local people with the external environment helps in their learning (Coccossis and Mexa 2017). Although this segment of tourism does not require infrastructure development, still it would encourage certain steps that would be for the protection and conservation of natural habitat. The cultural values of the local people also need to considered (Fennell 2014). They are the part of the environment therefore their sentiments should not be hurt. A collaborative approach is required at this point of time as it would resolve all the issues that are causing harm to the environment. Tourists are the ones who need to realize their roles in eco-tourism. It should not be destructive. Awareness One of the most important steps towards sustainable eco-tourism can be creating awareness among the tourists. Tourists might take eco-tourism just as an activity or trend. They are required to be told about the concept of eco-tourism its benefits and the negative impacts along with their contribution towards saving the environment (Napoli et al. 2014). Collaborative approach is required to be taken in this regard so that the impact of tourism activities can be reduced. Monitoring and control Eco-tourism is not monitored and controlled and hence so many issues emerge. Voulnteers are required to monitor the activities of the tourists. They should be prevented from litters or creating any other type of pollution. It needs to be seen that the tourists do not harm the flora or fauna or any natural assets. References Coccossis, H. and Mexa, A., 2017.The challenge of tourism carrying capacity assessment: theory and practice. Routledge. Edgell Sr, D.L., 2016.Managing sustainable tourism: A legacy for the future. Routledge. Fennell, D.A., 2014.Ecotourism. Routledge. Ghimire, K.B., 2013.The native tourist: Mass tourism within developing countries. Routledge. Girard, L.F. and Nocca, F., 2017. From linear to circular tourism.Aestimum, (70), pp.51-74. Hall, C.M. and Page, S.J., 2014.The geography of tourism and recreation: Environment, place and space. Routledge. Holden, A., 2016.Environment and tourism. Routledge. Kandampully, J., Zhang, T. and Bilgihan, A., 2015. Customer loyalty: a review and future directions with a special focus on the hospitality industry.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,27(3), pp.379-414. Napoli, J., Dickinson, S.J., Beverland, M.B. and Farrelly, F., 2014. Measuring consumer-based brand authenticity.Journal of Business Research,67(6), pp.1090-1098. Pantano, E. and Di Pietro, L., 2013. From e-tourism to f-tourism: emerging issues from negative tourists' online reviews.Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology,4(3), pp.211-227.

Analysis of Where have all the parents gone Essays

Analysis of Where have all the parents gone Essays Analysis of Where have all the parents gone Paper Analysis of Where have all the parents gone Paper A A A A A A A A A In the film, Child of Divorce, a immature miss s parents got divorced ; this affected her physically and mentally. This is an illustration in the society today, as each kid sees their parents contending and controversy, which lead to disassociating, it will impact them as they grow older because a kid has to take between two parents to populate with. Presents, there is a higher per centum of divorce of a kid s parents and others merely stayed individual. What aspects should of a kid s life should be a Parent control? All facets should be control until a kid reaches an independent phase of doing the right determinations in his or her life. In add-on, what happened to the loving parents? All parents are excessively busy to hold clip for their kids or have a household dinner every dark. Furthermore, what are parents occupation descriptions? One would be being a function theoretical account to their childs so as they grow each child would be abl e to follow their parents footfalls to be successful. Another would be to developing them as grown, mature and independent individual. In the article, Where Have All the Parents Gone? by Barbara Dafoe Whitehead, she talked about the societal issue towards kids being our hereafter and she expressed her sentiments about parents should be responsible for raising their kids because most parents are excessively busy working to be involve in their ain kid s life, which will do them to do incorrect determinations. Besides, as the coevals grows, small by small the society changed because parents became viciously liquidators to their ain kids and kids rebelled. As a consequence, I agree with Whitehead s article because parents are responsible for their ain kids s actions for them to be independent, spending clip with their kids will construct up a relationship, and learning them their values will do them appreciate what parents do for them. First, kids should be independent by their parents steering them through their life. [ aˆÂ ¦ ] virtually every kid in America grows up in a household with one or more parents. Parents house kids. Parents feed kids. Parents clothe kids. Parents raising and protect kids. Parents instruct kids in everything from utilizing a fork to driving ( Whitehead 224 ) . This demonstrates that parents are steering their kids from being an immature kid to a mature grown up by doing experience them the love that parents give them. As the kids grows older, they will finally recognize what their parents taught them will be utile and helpful. They could be independent without trusting on their parents. Furthermore, it is of import that learning their kids from right and incorrect, assisting them with their determinations from right and incorrect will take to holding a trust within themselves, so that they could travel on with their ain lives with what they learned from their parents. Second, if the parents pass more clip with their childs, it will construct up a stronger household relationship. [ aˆÂ ¦ ] a 2nd income became indispensable. [ aˆÂ ¦ ] fighting to pay the measures, cubic decimeter parents seems to be short-changing their kids in another manner. They were nt passing adequate clip with their childs [ aˆÂ ¦ ] ( Whitehead 226 ) . This demonstrates that parents should be able to equilibrate their clip for work and household because even though they need to do salary to pay for their measures. There should non be a ground why they can non hold clip to pass clip with their kids. Each parents decided to hold kids for a ground, which is to construct a household on their ain and to be proud parents when their childs win on going a physician, nurse and so forth. In add-on, being a parent is non a easy occupation ; nevertheless they should believe it exhaustively holding childs because what is the usage of holding childs when a parent wholly he or she does is work and non hold clip to pass with their childs. For illustration, the parents should be able to learn their childs how to cook, how to bake, assist them with their prep and so forth. Therefore, in the hereafter, when their ain childs have kids, they will copy what their parents did to them to their kids, which is ever working and non hold clip for their kids. Third, parents should be learning their values to their kids, so their kids will appreciate what parents do for them. [ aˆÂ ¦ ] most of import, they were nt learning good values ( Whitehead 226 ) . This demonstrates that parents does non hold clip to even learn their kids their values, so how can their kids learn from them when they are suppose to be their function theoretical accounts. For illustration, each parent has different civilization or history background, they should learn their kids the values of their religion/culture and history of they originated from. In add-on, many immature adult females gets pregnant at a immature age, which shows that parents should watch over their kids more frequently and protect them for their ain safety plus educate them how instruction is of import to complete for their hereafter. Besides, it is of import to demo the significance of the parent s values because when the parents die, their kids will be able to transport this values and ba se on balls it to their future kids, so it will be pass through coevals by coevals. In decision, Parents should be able to demo their values to their kids so they would be more apprehended from their kids. There should non be alibis or grounds why parents do non hold clip for their kids. Even though, parents are fighting, they should be able to demo their kids how they can confront their jobs without perpetrating offense. Besides, parents should be able to show their love for their kids, so they can experience the love of their parents. Last, educating their kids will do them successful, learning them their values will do them appreciate their parents and have a hereafter. Work Cited Whitehead, Barbara Dafoe. Where Have All The Parents Gone? 75 Readings: An Anthology. 11th erectile dysfunction. Ed. Santi V. Buscemi, Charlotte Smith. Boston: McGraw Hill, 2010.222-229.Print.

History of Hip-Hop essays

History of Hip-Hop essays As an art form, hip-hop is a very young phenomenon. Originating in the South Bronx in the late 70s/early 80s, hip-hop itself is only ca. 20 years old. However, despite its recent founding, it has become a tremendous influence on American culture and global culture as well. It has been a creative output for many people and gone down in history as one of the most important art forms to emerge in the last few decades. Hip-hop has borrowed from many earlier art forms, whether they be rock and roll, rt realize is that it has strong roots derived from past traditions such as slave music or even from the church. Slaves were for the most part unable to get ahold of instruments, thus using whatever they had in their hands to create a beat. Hip-hop is just the same, in that it is merely someone rhyming over a beat. In fact, during hip-hops earlier years, many people used their mouths to create a beat for someone else to rap over. This was dubbed the beatbox. Slave music is also reflected in raps subject matter. Many people who rhyme with their friends on streetcorners simply talk about whatever is on their mind through their music, whether it be a girl, their job or any other simple day to day thought. Slaves would do the same, singing about their thoughts, mostly though about going home and freedom. The idea of community, heavily evident in slave songs is also represented in hip-hop. During m any songs sung by slaves, during work for example, one person would begin and then another take over or someone else adding in their point of view. Many rappers do the same, beginning a rhyme in a circle of friends and then letting somebody else take over and finish it. Church music can be detected in hip-hop as well. A preacher, often times in a black church (which is generally more lively), would use call and response to involve ...

Cover Letter stating interest and intent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cover Letter stating interest and intent - Essay Example In addition, as a study student during Seoul Korea educational trip, I acquired effective public administration policies. The leadership and administration skills remain imperious in effective management of Fort Collins community and initiation of economic activities. Besides the aforementioned skills, I have had comprehensive experience in sustainable and successful research as a beneficiary of Seoul Metropolitan Government. Moreover, economic development experience gained as an intern at City of Clermont would be domineering in assisting me establish viable economic activities for improvement of Fort Collins and its community. Furthermore, I would have the greatest ability to initiate efficient planning and management programs that would uplift economy of Fort Collins’ community Moreover, I have acquired exceptional planning, coordination, and management skills as an intern and student. I anticipate to graduate with a masters degree in urban and regional planning and I believe that the course have equipped me with unbeatable organization techniques that would successful execute the outlined duties and responsibilities. Moreover, intern experience at Osceola and City organizations granted me an immediate experience in public participation, interaction, planning, and development skills that I believe would be authoritative in administration and management of the organization. Furthermore, my flexible and accommodative interpersonal skills, natural preference for change and working with people would be indispensable in establishing a result-oriented workforce at your supportive

Naguib Mahfouz Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Naguib Mahfouz - Essay Example Considerable recognition will also be given to his contribution to the world of literature through his many successful works which will certainly never fade away even though he has passed. The story of Naguib Mahfouz is similar to the story of modern Egypt itself (Lalami 2006, p.1). Born in 1911 in the Gamaliya district of Cairo, Mahfouz observed the very last days of British colonial rule and Ottoman influence, the nationalist struggle of Saad Zaghloul, the supremacy of King Fuad and King Farouq, the military revolution of 1952, the establishment of the republic, Gamal Abdel Nasser's takeover in 1954, the Suez Canal disaster, the rule of Anwar al-Sadat, the Camp David accords of 1978 and finally the brutal dictatorship of Hosni Mubarak together with the rise of Islamic fundamentalism (Lalami 2006, p.1). A devoted reader, Mahfouz had a lifelong infatuation for the history of ancient Egypt, predominantly its pharaohs: Akhenaten, who rejected pantheism in favor of monotheism; Menenre II, who ruled briefly at the end of the sixth dynasty; Khufu, who built the great pyramid at Giza and Nefertiti, Akhenaten's wife and mother-in-law to Tutankhamen (Breasted 1912, p.56). Mahfouz published his earliest novel in 1939 (The Games of Fate), and since then has written thirty-two novels and thirteen collections of short stories (Allen 1982, p.17). In his old age he had preserved his prolific output, producing a novel every year. The novel genre, which can be traced back to the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in Europe, has no significant prototypes in classical Arabic writing (Allen 1982, p.26). Although this thrived in all kinds of narrative, none of them could be described as we recognize the term novel today (Hashmi 1986, p.19). Naguib, who was born to a middle-class family in one of the oldest quarters in Cairo, was to give a face to influential metaphors, in excess of a period of half a century, to the expectations and frustrations of his homeland. Readers have so often identified themselves with his work, a great deal of which has been adapted for the cinema, theater and television, that many of his characters become household names in Egypt and elsewhere in the Arab region (Allen 1982, p.26). Alternatively, his work, though deeply steeped in local reality, appeals to that which is universal and permanent in human nature, as shown by the relatively good reception his fiction has met in other backgrounds (Allen 1982, p.17). Views on Life Even though Mahfouz's novelistic methods have passed, as we have seen, through recognizable stages, one cannot say the same about his world view, the main features of which can be traced back to his earliest works (Allen 1982, p.17). Mahfouz appears to have sorted out the main questions about life at an early juncture of his youth and to have held on the answers he arrived at right up until his death. A sociopolitical vision of man's existence is at the very root of almost everything that Mahfouz has written. Even in a novel with a strong metaphysical claim such as "Al-Tariq" (The Way), the social message is appropriately woven into the texture of the work: man is not meant to spend his life on Earth in a futile search and his only true

Nursing Application Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nursing Application - Essay Example Some times I felt the need to assist but I lacked the capacity to do so because I was only a child. However, these occurrences usually strengthened my desire to acquire the capability to assist other people to overcome problems. From that time up to now when I am a grown-up, I still yearn to accomplish my childhood desires of becoming an expert in promoting people’s health and general well-being of children, adults including the healthy, the ailing and the aged. I have the conviction that becoming a nurse will empower me to accomplish my goals. I settled on the decision to apply to Dorothea Hopfer School of nursing came as a result of careful analysis regarding the various institutions that offer the program. I have met with a number of professionals in nursing as well as in other fields who graduated from the institution, and the positions that they hold in the local, as well as international organizations, are admirable. The institution has a good reputation, and local organ izations usually give the first priority to graduates from the institution. I believe that the skills that I need in nursing will be acquired through studying in the institution. I have never felt so right about accomplishing my goals through a particular institution the way I do now. I am ready to sacrifice as much time as the program requires. I have strong leadership and team building skills that enable me to learn quickly through interactions with other students. I actively participate in class and intend to continue with this practice in order to accomplish the best in my nursing studies. I feel privileged to present my application to this reputable institution where I believe my professional goals will be accomplished. I am looking forward to cooperating with the administration as well as my instructors to enhance my performance in studies.

Hersey Blanchard Situational Leadership Management Essay

Hersey Blanchard Situational Leadership Management Essay The term leadership is a word taken from the common vocabulary and incorporated into the technical vocabulary of a scientific discipline without being precisely redefined. As consequences, it carries extraneous connotations that create ambiguity of meaning (Janda, 1960). Additional confusion is caused by the use of other imprecise terms such as power, authority, management, administration, control and supervision to describe similar phenomena. An observation by Bennis (1959, p. 259) is as true today as when he made it many years ago: Always, it seems, the concept of leadership eludes us or turns up in another form to taunt us again with its slipperiness and complexity. So we have invented an endless proliferation of terms to deal with it. and still the concept is not sufficiently defined. Most definition of leadership reflect the assumption that involves a process whereby intentional influences is exerted over other people to guide, structure, and facilitate activities and relationsh ips in a group or organisation. The numerous definitions of leadership appear to have little else in common. They differ in many respects, including who exerts influence, the intended purpose of the influence, the manner in which influence is exerted, and the outcome of the influence attempt. The differences are not just t a case of scholarly nit picking; they reflect deep disagreement about identification of leaders and leadership processes.(Gary Yukl, 2010) Theories of leadership: Douglas McGregor described Theory X and Theory Y in his book, The Human Side of Enterprise. Theory X and Theory Y each represent different ways in which leaders view employees. Theory X managers believe that employees are motivated mainly by money, are lazy, uncooperative, and have poor work habits. Theory Y managers believe that subordinates work hard, are cooperative, and have positive attitudes. Theory X is the traditional view of direction and control by managers. 1. It is the nature of average human being who dislikes doing work and will avoid if he or she can. 2. Because of this human characteristic of dislike of work, most people must be controlled, directed, and threatened with punishment to get them to put forth adequate effort toward the achievement of organizational objectives. 3. The average human being prefers to be directed, wishes to avoid responsibility, and has relatively little ambition, wants security above all. Theory Y is the view that individual and organizational goals can be integrated. 1. The expenditures of physical and mental effort in work are as natural as play or rest. 2. External control and the threat of punishment are not the only means for bringing out effort toward organizational objectives. 3. Commitment to objectives is a function of the rewards associated with their achievement. 4. The average human being learns, under proper conditions, not only to accept but also to seek responsibility. 5. The capacity to exercise a relatively high degree of imagination, ingenuity, and creativity in the solution of organizational problems in widely, not narrowly, distributed in the population. 6. Under the condition of modern industrial life, the intellectual potentialities of the average human being are only partially utilized. Fred E. Fiedlers contingency theory postulates that there is no best way for managers to lead. Situations will create different leadership style requirements for a manager. The solution to a managerial situation is contingent on the factors that impose on the situation. For example, in a highly routinized (mechanistic) environment where repetitive tasks are the norm, a certain leadership style may result in the best performance. The same leadership style may not work in a very dynamic environment. Fiedler looked at three situations that could define the condition of a managerial task: 1. Leader member relations: Compatibility between the manager and the employees? 2. The task structure: Is the job highly structured, fairly unstructured, or somewhere in between? 3. Position power: How much authority does the manager possess? Managers were rated as to whether they were relationship oriented or task oriented. Task oriented managers tend to do better in situations that have good leader-member relationships, structured tasks, and either weak or strong position power. They do well when the task is unstructured but position power is strong. Also, they did well at the other end of the spectrum when the leader member relations were moderate to poor and the task was unstructured. Relationship oriented managers do better in all other situations. Thus, a given situation might call for a manager with a different style or a manager who could take on a different style for a different situation. Another aspect of the contingency model theory is that the leader-member relations, task structure, and position power dictate a leaders situational control. Leader-member relations are the amount of loyalty, dependability, and support that the leader receives from employees. It is a measure of how the manager perceives he or she and the group of employees are getting along together. In a favorable relationship the manager has a high task structure and is able to reward or punish employees without any problems. In an unfavorable relationship the task is usually unstructured and the leader possesses limited authority. Positioning power measures the amount of power or authority the manager perceives the organization has given him or her for the purpose of directing, rewarding, and punishing subordinates. Positioning power of managers depends on the taking away (favorable) or increasing (unfavorable) the decision-making power of employees. The task-motivated style leader experiences pride and satisfaction in the task accomplishment for the organization, while the relationship-motivated style seeks to build interpersonal relations and extend extra help for the team development in the organization. There is no good or bad leadership style. Each person has his or her own preferences for leadership. Task-motivated leaders are at their best when the group performs successfully such as achieving a new sales record or outperforming the major competitor. Relationship-oriented leaders are at their best when greater customer satisfaction is gained and a positive company image is established. Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership The Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership theory is based on the amount of direction (task behaviour) and amount of socio-emotional support (relationship behaviour) a leader must provide given the situation and the level of maturity of the followers. Task behaviour is the extent to which the leader engages in spelling out the duties and responsibilities to an individual or group. In task behaviour the leader engages in one-way communication. Relationship behaviour is the extent to which the leader engages in two-way or multi-way communications. This includes listening, facilitating, and supportive behaviours. In relationship behaviour the leader engages in two-way communication by providing socio-emotional support. Maturity is the willingness and ability of a person to take responsibility for directing his or her own behaviour. People tend to have varying degrees of maturity, depending on the specific task, function, or objective that a leader is attempting to accomplish through th eir efforts. To determine the appropriate leadership style to use in a given situation, the leader must first determine the maturity level of the followers in relation to the specific task that the leader is attempting to accomplish through the effort of the followers. As the level of followers maturity increases, the leader should begin to reduce his or her task behavior and increase relationship behaviour until the followers reach a moderate level of maturity. As the followers begin to move into an above average level of maturity, the leader should decrease not only task behaviour but also relationship behaviour. Houses Path-Goal Model The path-goal theory developed by Robert House is based on the expectancy theory of motivation. The managers job is viewed as coaching or guiding workers to choose the best paths for reaching their goals. Best is judged by the accompanying achievement of organizational goals. It is based on the precepts of goal setting theory and argues that leaders will have to engage in different types of leadership behavior depending on the nature and demands of the particular situation. It is the leaders job to assist followers in attaining goals and to provide direction and support needed to ensure that their goals are compatible with the organizations. A leaders behaviour is acceptable to subordinates when viewed as a source of satisfaction and motivational when need satisfaction is contingent on performance, and the leader facilitates, coaches and rewards effective performance. Path goal theory identifies achievement-oriented, directive, participative and supportive leadership styles. In achievement-oriented leadership, the leader sets challenging goals for followers, expects them to perform at their highest level, and shows confidence in their ability to meet this expectation. This style is appropriate when the follower suffers from lack of job challenge. In directive leadership, the leader lets followers know what is expected of them and tells them how to perform their tasks. This style is appropriate when the follower has an ambiguous job. Participative leadership involves leaders consulting with followers and asking for their suggestions before making a decision. This style is appropriate when the follower is using improper pr ocedures or is making poor decisions. In supportive leadership, the leader is friendly and approachable. He or she shows concern for followers psychological well being. This style is appropriate when the followers lack confidence. Path-Goal theory assumes that leaders are flexible and that they can change their style, as situations require. Effective leaders clarify the path to help their followers achieve their goals and make the journey easier by reducing roadblocks and pitfalls. Research demonstrates that employee performance and satisfaction are positively influenced when the leader compensates for the shortcomings in either the employee or the work setting. Leadership plays an important role in ones life. If one is a business owner he needs to be a leader in the field of your business. To be a successful leader, one must demonstrates some or all of the following characteristics: 1. The ability to listen: Most leaders do too much talking but not enough listening. Feedbacks to a persons company services or products are important to that person as they demonstrate the customers needs. 2. The ability to acknowledge and change: This is probably the hardest part to do. People often refuse to change. They believe their services or products are the best, which, theres nothing wrong with that. But when there are feedbacks coming from customers you have to listen, then acknowledge them and make changes to provide better customer service. 3. The ability to form one-on-one relationships: People will need to be able to reach you. If you are just starting a business its especially important for you to be able to spend some time to get to know your customers, and/or employees. If you do that, over time, you will develop a strong trust between you and your customers. 4. Successful people make sure they surround themselves with like-minded people. Im not saying millionaires should just ignore the poor. But you need to spend time to communicate with like-minded people. You cannot survive by yourself, and by interacting with others you can motivate others or give others a chance to motivate you. 5. The ability to know yourself: It is very important to know what youre best at, and what your weaknesses are. A business is a team sport. Often one cannot handle all the aspects of a business and need to know when to seek for assistance. 6. Successful people refuse to let other people dictate how they should do certain things. We are not living under someone elses shadow. We must take control and ownership of our lives and careers and never let go. 7. The ability to communicate: Communication is really very important. Even if you are running a home online business and you use email as a communication channel. Down the road, you might want to do a video to promote your company. You might receive TV interviews. Its never too late to practice your presentation and communication skills. 8. Successful people display high levels of optimism and confidence. They believe in themselves and they are not afraid of failures. They see every obstacle as a stepping-stone to their success. They turn challenges into motivators and become their advantages. 9. People who are successful are the ones who are passionate at what they do. 10. People who are successful are the ones who develop high levels of patience and dedication to see the results. http://ezinearticles.com/?Top-10-Characteristics-of-a-Successful-Leaderid=1552997 Characteristics of Successful and Effective Leadership It is not only inborn personality traits that are important but also styles and behaviours that a person learns. Strong autocratic leaders set their goals without considering the opinions of their followers, and then command their followers to execute their assigned tasks without question. Consultative leaders solicit the opinions and ideas of their followers in the goal-setting process but ultimately determine important goals and task assignments on their own. Democratic or participative leaders participate equally in the process with their followers and let the group make decisions. Extremely laid-back leaders, so called laissez-faire leaders, let the group take whatever action its members feel is necessary. A research team at the University of Michigan, inspired and led by Renis Likert, studied leadership for several years and identified two distinct styles, which they referred to as job-centered and employee-centered leadership styles. The job-centered leader closely supervises subordinates to make sure they perform their tasks following the specified procedures. This type of leader relies on reward, punishment, and legitimate power to influence the behaviour of followers. The employee-centered leader believes that creating a supportive work environment ultimately is the road to superior organizational performance. The employee-centered leader shows great concern about the employees emotional well-being, personal growth and development, and achievement. A leadership study group at Ohio State University, headed by Harris Fleishman, found similar contrasts in leadership style, which they referred to as initiating structure and consideration. The leadership style of initiating structure is similar to the job-centered leadership style, whereas consideration is similar to the employee-centered leadership style. It was the initial expectation of both research groups that a leader who could demonstrate both high initiating structure (job centered) and high consideration (employee centered) would be successful and effective in all circumstances. Many students of leadership today believe that there is no one best way to lead, believing instead that appropriate leadership styles vary depending on situations. Fred Fiedler (1967), for instance, believes that a task-oriented leadership style is appropriate when the situation is either extremely favorable or extremely unfavorable to the leader. A favorable situation exists when the relationship between the leader and followers is good, their tasks are well-defined, and the leader has strong power; when the opposite is true, an unfavorable situation exists. When the situation is moderately favorable, a people-oriented leadership style is appropriate. Some theorists suggest that situational factors-the type of task, nature of work groups, formal authority system, personality and maturity level of followers, experience, and ability of followers-are critical in determining the most effective leadership style. For instance, when followers are inexperienced and lack maturity and respons ibility, the directive leadership style is effective; when followers are experienced and willing to take charge, supportive leadership is effective. (http://www.answers.com/topic/leadership)

Friedrich Engels Life and Beliefs :: biography Economics Society History Essays

Friedrich Engels' Life and Beliefs Revolutionaries are not necessarily born but are made. Friedrich Engels is an excellent example of this because his history and family life does not reflect his career path. Unlike Marx, he was born of a â€Å"well-to-do† authoritarian textile manufacturer on November 28, 1820 in Barmen, Germany. By the age of fifteen his parents were very concerned with his behavior. In a letter written by his father he was said to have had a â€Å"lack of character† and â€Å"other unpleasant qualities†. Friedrich was receiving substandard grades, and he was disobedient despite the strict discipline at home. His father saw promise in him despite his disobedience, but was continuously troubled by his son’s actions. These acts can be seen as a sign of his future rebellion toward society. [ii] Friedrich Engels’ biographical information is important to know because it gives the reader and understanding of what shaped Engels’ views in the Communist Manifesto . The Prussian Province in which Engels was raised was the most industrialized place in Germany at the time. This gave Engels the ability to see the growing aspect of capitalism in society. He soon noticed the conflict between the labor and management. Even in his early years he showed concern for â€Å"social injustices†.[iii] Everyday when he went to school, he passed factories where workers â€Å" ‘breathed in more smoke and out more dust than oxygen’, where children were imprisoned from the age of six, to be ‘victims of capitalist exploitation’.† [iv] He saw the poor work from morning until night and the homeless who slept in stables or on dung heaps. He watched as society escaped reality by slipping into a state of drunkenness each evening. He noticed the fierce competition among the industries creating an even more demanding atmosphere that showed no improvement in the current situation. His keen observations drove him to take actio n, especially since he was the son of a factory owner.[v] He worked as a business apprentice during the day hours, and in 1842 he eventually traveled to England to learn commerce and management. In his spare time he visited the workers’ quarters in Manchester where he saw the same exploitation of the working class as he did back in Germany. Grief stricken families lived in filth and poverty because of the controlling bourgeoisie. These experiences continued to play a large role in shaping his political views.

Cgi (Computer Generated Imagery)

Sandra Lewis English 102. 033 Mr. Larsen April 3, 2011 Computer-Generated Imagery Forever Changes The Face Of Film And Television Movies were entirely revolutionized in the 1990s after the release of Toy Story (1995), the first feature length animation made entirely from CGI (computer-generated imagery) to be released. When it came to the drawing boards, productions companies changed the ways they had traditionally made animated movies. Movies made with CGI became easier to produce, more eye appealing, and realistic. The production of movies was entirely renovated.In the world of animation, CGI made the creating and editing of animated movies possible to change a scene in a month rather then a year. Movies have stuck to CGI majority of the time making it the new standard for most viewers, the new type competition between production companies, and the new requirement on resumes for hopeful animators. CGI gave the production of science-fiction movies the possibility to have a realistic feel. The significant differences between CGI and classical hand-drawn animations are not only the obvious; one being done by computer and one is on paper.The biggest difference is time efficiency and believability. A computer-generated image can be done one of two ways: a picture that is hand-drawn and then scanned into a computer or an entirely computer produced image, with a software specially designed for computer made imagery (Abbott, Pg. 91). After this step computer animators can move images around in one thousandth of the time it would take to move a hand-drawn image. Hypothetically meaning that if a hand-drawn scene took you twenty-four hours to move images around, with a CGI it would take twenty-four seconds. That changes the entire playing field when it comes to filmmaking.The ability to go in and out of scenes and move the image or objects not wanted, without distorting the background or surrounding images, is a step that has made CGI animator friendly. The images and s cenes that have been created are easily adjusted to perfection. For example in the television series The Silver Surfer which was a blending of cel and computer-generated imagery, it was possible to move him from one side of the screen to the other without distorting the rest of the image (in scenes that were completely CGI). CGI made thousands of jobs for editors and created a new field of expertise in film.With todays technology in special effects designers have walked a fine line between artist and technician. The increasing use of computer technology for special effects has made them seem more like modern day computer scientists rather then their predecessors. â€Å"Not only does the hardware and software require the highest level of computer expertise to operate, but the technicians must research, develop, and experiment with the technology in order to acquire its desired effects. † (Abbott, pg. 91) An animator today has to know not only how to draw and be creative, but a lso have to know how to do all of this on a computer.Therefore CGI has changed not only the production, but also the hiring and background education needed to become an animator. According to Manovich â€Å"Achieving synthetic realism means attaining two goals-the simulation of the codes of traditional cinematography and the simulation of the perceptual properties of real life objects and environments. (Bostic, Pg. 358) This is no longer just art and design of film, this is computer-programming and engineering at its very best. Movies have entirely been turned around due to the convenience and reality that CGI brings to the table. Never before have we been able to realize such fantastic imagery, blending live action with computer-generated imagery with seamless agility. † (Bostic, pg. 359) There is now a level of difficulty even for professionals in the field of special effects to determine what is reality and what is computer-generated. The imagery we see on TV and in the mo vie theatres has entirely changed what our expectations are when about to watch a movie. If a movie like Godzilla (1954) came out in todays’ world, the likely hood of it being a success is not probable.Watching a rubber suited monster attack a city is not the most eye pleasing special effect. A movie with no special effects doesn’t contain the believable factor. Where as a movie such as Jurassic Park (1993) containing several CGI, is one that brings a realistic feel to the dinosaurs. Humans and creatures/animals interacting with a realistic feel made science fiction movies much more believable. For example, in hit series of movies, Star Wars: Phantom Menace (1999) Jar-Jar Binks, a Gungan that helps Qui-Gon-Jinn and Obi-Wan Kenobi, was completely CGI created and continuously standing near humans.The combination of background, scenery and creatures mixed with humans in outer space was â€Å"mind blowing† cool. The series became one of the most popular of all time. When imagining CGI involving humans and creatures, I think of a creature of social reality as well as a possible creature of science fiction (a hybrid machine). The ability to do this has opened a futuristic and fictional possibility to movies that was never possible. To watch a human on screen mutate, transform, or travel through time and dreams, creates a world that one can only imagine.CGI has turned horror, fantasy, and martial art into a form of hybridized science fiction. According to Abbott In Terminator 2: Judgment day (1991) â€Å"No longer simply the fusion of flesh and a metal endoskeleton, the new terminator was supposedly made of liquid metal able to transform from one shape to another. † (Abbott, Pg 92) Every year fiction movies are becoming more innovative with all the possibilities CGI offers. CGI has brought so much potential to the drawing boards of the movie industry. The industry has been using CGI in majority of movies for the past 15 years since the rel ease of Toy Story.The difference between Toy Story and Toy Story 3 in graphics is hardly noticeable. The biggest differences are within the new TV resolutions and Blu-Ray players. CGI has been some what updated and few glitches have been fixed, but it remains to be as used and as efficient as it was once Pixar mastered it with Toy Story in the mid ‘1990s. A movie such as Avatar, which is widely known for its graphics and unbelievable imagery, is setting new standards for CGI in the world of film. â€Å"After writing this story many years ago, James Cameron discovered that the technology he needed to make it happen did not exist.So, he went out and created it in collaboration with the best effects minds in the business. This is motion capture brought to a new high where every detail of the actors' performances gets preserved in the final CG character as they appear on the screen. Yes, those eyes are no longer dead holes but big and expressive, almost dominating the wide and lo ng alien faces. † (Honeycutt) James Cameron spent several years with highly trained computer-graphic engineers trying to exceed the limits of computer-generated imagery. In the end, after working so hard to bring a new level of realism to CGI, he made billions and broke more CGI barriers.It would be at the most difficulty to argue that CGI has not changed the, expectations that viewers have when entering a movie theater with, the requirements needed to be a successful animator today, the change in production of movies, and the possibilities that producers can bring to the screen. A film without CGI is typically not as good, because all of the films that come out of the cinema as blockbusters include a great amount of CGI and explosions, therefore as an audience we now expect them. Movies, television, and advertisement have been changed with CGI to please the audience and take cinema to a new possible level.Works Cited. Abbott, Stacey. â€Å"Final Frontiers: Computer-Generated Imagery and the Science Fiction Film. â€Å"Science Fiction Studies 33. 1 (2006): 89-108. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 4 Apr. 2011. Bostic, Adam I. Automatax: Seeing Cyborg Through the Eyes of Popular Culture, Computer-Generated Imagery, and Contemporary Theory. Leonardo, Vol. 31, No. 5, Sixth Annual New York Digital Salon (1998( pp. 357-361). Jstor. The MIT Press. ND. Honeycutt, Kirk. Avatar-Film Review. Hollywoodreporter. com. THR. ND. WEB. December 10, 2009. Manovich, Lev. The Language of New Media. Cambridge. MA: MIT , 2001

The Y2K Glitch and End of the Century Changes

The Y2K Glitch and End of the Century Changes While many were ready to party like it was 1999, many others predicted catastrophe at the end of the year from a small assumption made long ago when computers were first being programmed. The Y2K (Year 2000) problem came to exist culturally because of a fear that computers would fail when their clocks were meant to update to January 1, 2000. Because computers were programmed to automatically assume the date began with 19 as in 1977 and 1988, people feared that when the date turned from December 31, 1999, to January 1, 2000, computers would be so confused that they would shut down completely. The Age of Technology and Fear Considering how much of our everyday lives were run by computers by the end of 1999, the new year was expected to bring serious computer repercussions. Some doomsayers warned that the Y2K bug was going to end civilization as we know it. Other people worried more specifically about banks,  traffic lights, the power grid, and airports - all of which were run by computers by 1999. Even microwaves and televisions were predicted to be affected by the Y2K bug. As computer programmers madly dashed to update computers with new information, many in the public prepared themselves by storing extra cash and food supplies. Preparations for the Bug By 1997, a few years ahead of widespread panic over the Millennium problem, computer scientists were already working toward the solution. The British Standards Institute (BSI) developed a new computer standard to define conformity requirements for the Year 2000. Known as  DISC PD2000-1, the standard outlined four rules: Rule 1: No value for current date will cause any interruption in operation. Rule 2: Date-based functionality must behave consistently for dates prior to, during and after year 2000. Rule 3: In all interfaces and data storage, the century in any date must be specified either explicitly or by unambiguous algorithms or inferencing rules.   Rule 4: Year 200 must be recognized as a leap year.   Essentially, the standard understood the bug to rely on two key issues: the existing two-digit representation of dates was problematic in date processing and a misunderstanding of calculations for leap years in the Gregorian Calendar had caused the year 2000 to not be programmed as a leap year. The first problem was solved by creating new programming for dates to be entered as four-digit numbers (ex: 2000, 2001, 2002, etc.), where they were previously represented only as two (97, 98, 99, etc.). The second by amending the algorithm for calculating leap years to any year value divided by 100 is not a leap year, with the addition of excluding years which are divisible by 400, thereby making the year 2000 a leap year (as it was).   What Happened  on January 1, 2000? When the prophesied date came and computer clocks around the world updated to January 1, 2000, very little actually happened. With so much preparation and updated programming done before the change of date, the catastrophe was quelled and only a few, relatively minor millennium bug problems occurred - and even fewer were reported.

Apocalypse Now essays

Apocalypse Now essays I have always enjoyed movies. But at some point I started to think of movies as more than just entertainment. I began to view them as a movie critic would, rather than just a casual viewer. Because of this perspective, I think of "Apocalypse Now" as one of the best American made movies I have ever seen. As a student of and an active participant in the late twentieth century media age, I feel justified in making this statement. In my lifetime of observation of American media, including fourteen months of intense movie watching in conjunction with my employment at a local video store, I have had an opportunity to observe a broad sampling of the films, and feel more than qualified to make this statement. By referring to "Apocalypse Now" as one of the best American movies, I do not want to diminish my praise for the movie, but rather, acknowledge the fact that my knowledge of foreign movies is limited. I first saw Francis Ford Coppula's "Apocalypse Now" in a high school literature class after reading Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness, the story from which the movie was derived. After viewing the movie the first time, it was clear to me that "Apocalypse Now" was something special, not only superior to the mindless drivel that permeates much of what is produced by Hollywood, but also better than many of the movies that have come to be regarded as classics. Now you are probably thinking, "How does an eighteen year old college freshman decide how one movie deserve such recognition? How does he judge the quality of movies?" To me, a good movie presents a well constructed plot combined with skilled cinematography. A great movie incorporates a message into the attributes of a good movie. An excellent movie goes further by adding deeper levels of meaning. When I watch a movie which I judge to be excellent, I feel that it can be viewed from many angles and appear seamless from each direction. I see an excellent movie as being like a well made ...

International Trade and Globalisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

International Trade and Globalisation - Essay Example Overall levels of trade barriers have declined in recent decades, largely due to international negotiations (Reinert 2012). 11 This paper labors to discuss the concept of international trade among trading countries and how such countries benefit from the Principle of absolute advantage and comparative advantage, intra-industry which arises when the country simultaneously imports and exports similar types of goods or services has also been highlighted. A detailed discussion of the trade policy analysis has been shown in this paper mainly on the impact of imposing and removal of trade tariffs on the welfare of producer, consumer, and the government, who benefits and who loses. International trade is a term used to refer to the exchange of goods and services among the countries of the world (Reinert 2012, P. 30). International trade does not only involve exchange of goods such as steel, automobiles among others it also include exchange of services for example financial services, and engineering services among other services. International trade in goods and services is playing contributes a lot in development of the world economy. International trade is one of the four realms of the world economies the other three include international production, international finance, and international development (Reinert 2012, p 30). Thus to develop the worlds economies and to improve welfare and living standards of everyone, students and professionals must have a good understanding of the international trade. According to Giddens (1999) globalization can be defined as conceptualized in social, cultural, and political, not just economy. Globalization is the integration of economy activities such as international trade, development in financial and currency system, and labor outsourcing, which were supported by technological changes (Valacich &

Dyson Casestudy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dyson Casestudy - Essay Example Strategic capabilities Dyson was operating in a very competitive environment. This called for the need to introduce new frameworks and innovations that would see the company survive in the market. James Dyson believed in patents. He always ensured that whatever new form of technology he used was protected by patent laws he did this so as to ensure that his designs and innovations are not copied by the competitors. Dyson also analyzed the market to establish the true market requirements. With this information, he was able to devise a product that would meet all the market requirements and satisfy them (Bessant & Tidd, 2011, p. 267). Dyson was also involved in a move that raised numerous criticisms in its home country, the United Kingdom. James Dyson decided to move its manufacturing plant from United Kingdom to Malaysia and China. This move was to ensure that the company stays competitive. The cost of production in the home country became too much and the move was to ensure that the c ost of production was minimized which will in turn lead to an increase in the amount of profit that was generated. The move to Malaysia, according to James Dyson, was so that they could have a testing facility close to their suppliers, of whom were all located in the eastern countries. This move was aimed at increasing efficiency in the company. However, the move resulted in the loss of hundreds of jobs in the United Kingdom. Imitation Competition is very stiff in the current market. This therefore means that the competitors of the company may try to imitate their biggest rivals in a bid to increase their sales. Due to the fact that James Dyson believed in patent protection so much, it became difficult for other competitors to imitate the company’s products. In my opinion therefore, I think that Dyson’s capabilities could be difficult to imitate. This is because James Dyson has studied school of arts. This therefore means that his ideas and innovations are very unique due to high innovative nature that he is capable of (Witcher & Chau, 2010, p. 79). I therefore think that the competitors may only be able to imitate Dyson’s capabilities in the design level. This is because the competitors will only get to see the product after it has been launched in the market. Dyson always ensures that all its secrets in the production line remain to be just secrets. This is also ensured by the manner in which security within the plant is handled. For starters, every door within the company is opened using a thumb print scanner. However much this is the case, there are still some areas of the company that are regarded to be off limits. That is, there are areas that not everybody is allowed to go in to. Furthermore, all of Dyson’s designs, technologies and innovations are protected by patent laws. This prohibits the competitors from copying any of their designs. As a result, Dyson’s products come out as unique and original designs. This has m ade it extremely impossible for the competitors to imitate anything with regards to Dyson’s products (Thompson & Martin, 2010, p. 167). Distinctive capabilities Dyson has over the years emerged to be at the top of its market. All this is owed to the fact that the company has several unique capabilities and qualities that help in ensuring the company remains competitive in nature. I my opinion, I think James Dyson’s unique ability to come up with new designs and innovations for the

Delegation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Delegation - Research Paper Example Proven through the example of three rural hospitals that are administrated through one person, effective delegation is essential in creating a strong organization. As well, innovative techniques can provide models from which an administrator can develop a good organization. This literature review will synthesis the information provided by five resources in order to demonstrate why delegation is vital to the health care industry. Creating solid leadership means leading the employees, rather than doing all and then becoming stressed and incapable of creating a meaningful sense of task and goal orientation. Through looking at five pieces of relevant literature, a sense of the importance of delegation in this goal can be observed. This review will expose the way that confidence and trust are key to successful team building. In creating teams that are able to perform tasks that can be delegated and distributed, an organization can build a solid foundation for successful operation. way they think it should be done, rather than utilize the skills of an employee who may not do the task the way the managers things it should be done. According to Nefer (Dec. 2008), one of the biggest mistakes a manager will make is to not delegate authority and take on too much work, thus lowering the efficiency of the department (p. 19). The manager or supervisor must remember that part of their job is to make sure that employees are delegated a sufficient number of tasks in order to create a well run department. In order to look at the way in which a manager or supervisor approaches delegation, several questions must be asked in regards to the way in which the work is being distributed. Nefer (Dec. 2008), asks the manager to examine their own performance and decide if they are delegation-phobic. The delegation phobic manager will exhibit a

National Cranberry Cooperative Essay Example for Free

National Cranberry Cooperative Essay As one of the largest cooperatives for cranberry growers in North America, the National Cranberry Cooperative (NCC) encompasses operations in five states as well as two locations in Canada. Last year, sales from the United States alone reached upwards of $138 million, making 1995 NCC’s most productive season to date. The development and increased use of cranberry bogs in particular—commonly known as â€Å"wet harvesting† as opposed to the more traditional practice of â€Å"dry harvesting† by hand ­Ã¢â‚¬â€has brought higher yields to the NCC while creating new challenges for its receiving plants to keep pace. One such site, Receiving Plant No. 1 (RP1), experienced unprecedented levels of overtime costs during the 1995 season due to delivery backups at the plant’s loading docks. These additional costs have caused significant frustration among the cooperative members, and growers have demanded that RP1 identify the cause for these delays within the plant and implement a solution before the new season begins.

Effect Of Subliminal Advertising: Children

Effect Of Subliminal Advertising: Children Many of us find the idea of subliminal messages altering our thought processes to be horrifying today. Often seen as akin to brainwashing, the notion that advertisers rely on subliminal messages to prey on childrens minds, demanding their attachment to some new cereal, toy, or game, is equally if not more disturbing to many people. Yet despite the protests of those against advertising to children, the effects of normal commercials are hardly subliminal, and hardly cause uncontrollable or irreversible change in disposition or desire. Additionally, though the effects of product placement in movies and television may more compellingly be seen as subliminal, and likely impact children more than adults, the effects of such advertising are not necessary severe, irreversible, or long-term for children. In this essay, I review research findings related to subliminal advertisings effects on children. I argue that while product placement in movies and television does technically qualify as subliminal advertising that can be seen to significantly effect children (unlike traditional commercial advertising, which does not technically produce subliminal effects), neither product placement nor commercial advertising has been proven to have irreparable unconscious or subconscious effects that vary according to age. While children are more vulnerable to product placement advertising as subliminal messaging than are adults, children should nonetheless not be seen as victims of brainwashing, but merely as less-informed or autonomous actors in a world where we can avoid advertisings effects by critically receiving messages and providing an alternative voice or message to those less informed around us. Subliminal Advertising Versus Commercial Advertising As Rogers points out in his historical examination of the idea of subliminal market advertising, the idea of the subliminal advertisement came about in the late 1950s, when it was suggested that data projected briefly on television would reach the consuming public subconsciously, rather than consciously, providing a qualitatively stronger effect that could be advantageous to marketers. Despite a lack of scientific validation for this claim, which one early critic likened to the idea that a whiff of a martini is worse than a swallow (qtd. in Rogers 13), the idea caught hold in the popular imagination that subliminal advertising strongly effected people without their knowing it, in favor of advertisers interests. In one movie theater where messages to eat popcorn and drink Coke were projected quickly (and therefore subliminally) on the screen, it was claimed that sales skyrocketed (Rogers 13). Yet this early experiment was not confirmed by third parties or conducted with an eye to potential limitations, and other variables were not carefully considered. Additionally, organizations concerned with protecting ordinary citizens from subliminal messages, such as the Federal Communications Commission, did not find in their experiments that such messages had strong or even noticeable effects (Rogers 15). Later research adhering more closely to scientific standards confirmed on the contrary that a strong stimulus produces a strong response, and a weak stimulus produces a weak response, implying that zero perception equals zero response, and so subliminal means in practical terms no effect' (Rogers 15). It has been argued nonetheless that for young children who may not recognize the difference between television programming and advertisements, commercials serve as subliminal advertising, effecting their beliefs and behaviors without their control. As Goldstein notes, the argument repeated in nearly every document on advertising to children assumesthat commercials create wants because young viewers do not understand advertising and are therefore particularly influenced by it (Children and Advertising 5). However, Goldsteins review of empirical research highlights evidence suggesting that advertising to children does not strongly effect their behavior or attitudes, in comparison with other sources of influence and socialization (Policy Implications). Parents and peers play a role in shaping children, which is arguably stronger than that of any commercial or corporation. As Goldstein writes, children learn to be consumers in the same way they are socialized into politics or acquire the ir attitudes about the sexes-from a variety of sources, including family, friends, teachers, and the mass media (Policy Implications 9). Additionally, no research indicates that not comprehending an advertisement as such gives it a stronger impact. As with the claim regarding subliminal messaging more generally, if you cannot comprehend something, then there is no reason why it would more strongly influence you than would something you can comprehend. As Goldstein argues, if children cannot extract the commercial message, they are not in a position to act on it (Policy Implications 5). Studies in different countries and contexts additionally confirm that commercials have little impact on young children, despite intuitive but anecdotal evidence of children identifying goods and toys on commercials as things they would like to possess (Goldstein, Children and Advertising 6).. Thus, while the research remains open to interpretation in this complex area of study, claims that commercials extraordinarily impact the youngest should not be taken as the ultimate truth. In summary, the idea of subliminal advertising having a strong effect on children or people in general due to its incomprehensibility is not strongly backed up by research, despite its initial appeal. Neither adults nor children are necessarily effected strongly by advertising messages they do not consciously recognize as advertising, while it seems likely on the contrary that subliminal advertisements not consciously received have little to no impact. Product placement within television programming or movies better fits the description of subliminal messaging, however, as it does have an impact, albeit a manageable one, on people (such as children) who fail to notice it. Product Placement: Subliminal Advertising that We Can Manage While images flashing across the screen effect adults little more than commercials that children do not recognize impact children, subliminal messaging is likely more effective in advertising through product placement, where characters in a movie or television series smoke a particular brand of cigarettes or drink a particular kind of soda, whose brand is one very minor message that easily goes unnoticed in the context of a plot line or other character or story development. Research shows there are effects to product placement that go beyond those associated with traditional forms of subliminal messaging. However, the effects of product placement on children are not necessarily severe or irreversible, leading most to conclude that this form of advertising is not much more of a serious problem for children than are regular commercial advertisements. Though product placement can be understood as non-subliminal as products usually have exposure time measured in seconds rather than milliseconds, making the message easy to see, if one is looking for it, product placement may be considered subliminal nonetheless, as its effects can be taken to be tacit or implicit because recollection of the brands may be unreliable or unavailable (Auty and Lewis, Delicious Paradox 118). Studies have found that children do respond to this sort of subliminal messaging. In one study, half of the children were shown a clip from the movie Home Alone where Pepsi Cola is spilled during a meal, while the other half were shown a similar clip without the branded soda. The majority of the children who saw the Pepsi Cola chose Pepsi over Coke in a later research session, while the majority of those who did not see the Pepsi label in the clip chose Coke. These findings lead Auty and Lewis to conclude that given the tendency of young children to watch videos of t heir favorite films over and over again, the findings have ethical implications for the use of product placement in films targeted at young children who have not yet acquired strategic processing skillsthey have been affected by the exposure in some preconscious way (Childrens Choice 713). Another hypothesis of this study was that younger children would be more vulnerable to product placement than older children. This was not found to be the case, suggesting that age is not a major factor impacting a childs vulnerability to product placement messaging. However, whether one has advertising literacy, which can only be developed at adolescence, does impact the effects of product placement on an individual. As Auty and Lewis write, it appears as if a sophisticated understanding of advertising will actually militate against effective commercial communications because it will stimulate a counterargument (Delicious Paradox 127). When one recognizes an advertisement as a form of attempted manipulation, this critical orientation can disincline one toward the message to buy or desire a particular good or service. Because one requires a certain level of cognitive maturity to understand product placement and other forms of advertising in a critical manner, age therefore becomes cr ucial to understanding how it is that adults but not children can become immune to such messaging. Auty and Lewis regard this as a delicious paradox of product placement as subliminal advertising: adults can guard against preconscious perceptions simply by noting the appearance of a produce as a placement with a commercial origin while children 8-12 years of age need cues to produce counterarguments, thus failing to understand the product placement as a commercial message (Delicious Paradox 128). It seems, therefore, that product placement in film does effect children more so than adults as a form of subliminal messaging. Thus, while it remains the case that unnoticed messages often have little to not effect on people whatever age they are, adults can develop a form of immunity to product placement as subliminal messaging, whereas children are vulnerable to this form of messaging, though its impact remains variable and difficult to understand in a conclusive manner. Such findings have led to much scrutiny particularly of product placement of alcohol or tobacco products in films or television shows accessible by children. In the 1980s many felt certain that such subliminal advertising was inappropriately impacting young people, encouraging them to make unhealthy decisions in the interests of businesses. Yet there remains hope that, as with other forms of subliminal advertising, the effects of product placement on young people can be managed by parental influence and other shapers of young peoples behaviors and attitudes. As Goldstein argues, the best predictors of smoking are whether ones parents and friends smoke (Policy Implications 9). Advertisers have no monopoly in their influence, and on the other hand one can identify countries where smoking is prevalent while people have little exposure to cigarette advertisements (Goldstein, Policy Implications 10), suggesting that the relationship between advertisements and behavior is hardly inevitable . Thus, one can teach their children to critically view media messages and otherwise help shape choice so that the media does not do this for them. In conclusion, there is little reason to be afraid of subliminal advertisings effects on children. Research suggests that at all ages that which one does not comprehend will have a small to nonexistent impact on his or her behavior, attitudes, and desires, which implies that children who watch advertisements that they do not understand are unlikely to be brainwashed or effected in a strong way by the messages. Neither children nor adults are significantly impacted by subliminal messages or other commercials that go unrecognized as such, and thus we have little to worry about when it comes to the effects of subliminal advertising on children. On the other hand, product placement today comes closer to fitting the definition of effective subliminal messaging, as information can be delivered without audience recognition to create an effect on uncritical minds. Clearly children are disadvantaged with regard to product placement as they are not able to recognize product placement as a means of behavior manipulation, and thus this remains a cause of concern for those who fear that children are at risk of taking up bad habits due to product placement of alcohol or cigarettes, for example. Nonetheless, as with other forms of subliminal advertising we cannot recognize or comprehend, we should not be too fearful of the effects of product placement on children as a form of subliminal advertising, as the media is only one of many factors influencing children, including parents, friends, and educators. Subliminal advertising, while it may exist, thus has only a minor impact on children, overall, against other factors vying for childre ns minds.

John Dillinger :: Essays Papers

John Dillinger On June 22, 1903 a man named John Dillinger was born. He grew up in the Oak Hill Section of Indianapolis. When John was three years old his mother died, and when his father remarried six years later, John resented his stepmother. When John was a teenager he was frequently in trouble. He finally quit school and got a job in a machine shop in Indianapolis. He was very intelligent and a good worker, but he soon got bored and often stayed out all night. His father began to think that the city was corrupting his son, so he sold his property in Indianapolis and moved his family to a farm near Mooresville, Indiana. John reacted no better to rural life than he had to that in the city and soon began to run wild again. At the age of 21 he attempted his first robbery, robbing a grocery store, in his home town. He was caught and imprisoned for nine years until 1933. Soon after he was released, Dillinger robbed a bank in Bluffton, Ohio and was arrested by the Dayton police. He was put in Lima county jail to wait for his trial. The Lima police found a document on John which seemed to be a plan for a prison break, but he denied everything. Four days later, using the same plans, eight of Dillinger's friends escaped from the Indiana State Prison, using shotguns and rifles which had been smuggled into their cells. During their escape, they killed two guards. On October 12, three of the escaped prisoners and a parolee from the same prison showed up at the Lima jail where Dillinger was. They told the sheriff that they had come to return Dillinger to the Indiana State Prison for violation of his parole. When the sheriff asked to see their credentials, one of the men pulled a gun, shot the sheriff and beat him into unconsciousness. They took the keys, freed Dillinger, locked the sheriff's wife and a deputy in the cell, and left. Leaving the sheriff to die on the floor. These four men’s fingerprint cards were pulled, indicating that they were wanted.